2 Kings 23:20

Authorized King James Version

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And he slew all the priests of the high places that were there upon the altars, and burned men's bones upon them, and returned to Jerusalem.

Original Language Analysis

וַ֠יִּזְבַּח And he slew H2076
וַ֠יִּזְבַּח And he slew
Strong's: H2076
Word #: 1 of 16
to slaughter an animal (usually in sacrifice)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 2 of 16
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 3 of 16
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
כֹּֽהֲנֵ֨י all the priests H3548
כֹּֽהֲנֵ֨י all the priests
Strong's: H3548
Word #: 4 of 16
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
הַבָּמ֤וֹת of the high places H1116
הַבָּמ֤וֹת of the high places
Strong's: H1116
Word #: 5 of 16
an elevation
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 6 of 16
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
שָׁם֙ H8033
שָׁם֙
Strong's: H8033
Word #: 7 of 16
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 8 of 16
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
הַֽמִּזְבְּח֔וֹת that were there upon the altars H4196
הַֽמִּזְבְּח֔וֹת that were there upon the altars
Strong's: H4196
Word #: 9 of 16
an altar
וַיִּשְׂרֹ֛ף and burned H8313
וַיִּשְׂרֹ֛ף and burned
Strong's: H8313
Word #: 10 of 16
to be (causatively, set) on fire
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 11 of 16
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
עַצְמ֥וֹת bones H6106
עַצְמ֥וֹת bones
Strong's: H6106
Word #: 12 of 16
a bone (as strong); by extension, the body; figuratively, the substance, i.e., (as pron.) selfsame
אָדָ֖ם men's H120
אָדָ֖ם men's
Strong's: H120
Word #: 13 of 16
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם H5921
עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 14 of 16
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
וַיָּ֖שָׁב upon them and returned H7725
וַיָּ֖שָׁב upon them and returned
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 15 of 16
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
יְרֽוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ to Jerusalem H3389
יְרֽוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ to Jerusalem
Strong's: H3389
Word #: 16 of 16
jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine

Analysis & Commentary

And he slew all the priests of the high places that were there upon the altars, and burned men's bones upon them, and returned to Jerusalem.

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 23: Comprehensive reformation cannot avert certain judgment. In Judah's later history, we see both genuine reforms and deep-rooted corruption, revealing that external religious activity cannot substitute for heart transformation.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

Historical Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 23 takes place during the final century of Judah's existence, 7th century BCE, including Manasseh and Josiah's reigns. The chapter's theme (Josiah's Thorough Reforms) reflects the historical reality of the worst apostasy under Manasseh followed by the most thorough reforms under Josiah, demonstrating that external righteousness cannot reverse God's determined judgment. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

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